The Importance Of Ensuring Data Security Accountability Essay

In today’s advanced world of technology, valuable information holds the same amount of worth that of new world currency. Since information is highly important, it is crucial that it remains secured. This is ultimately covered by data security and privacy. Online data is a hacker’s dream, as it holds the ultimate value of materials for these cybercriminals. For example, on a broader scale, banking information can be worth over a thousand dollars depending on the account balance. If cybercriminals get a hold of these information’s, it can be costly for businesses. On a smaller scale, for a small business, customer information theft can paralyze operations and even put a company out of business. In order to prevent these crimes, there are nine important data security policies that starts with ensuring data security accountability, policies that govern network services, scanning for vulnerabilities, managing patches, system data security policies, the response to inc idents, acceptable use, monitoring compliance, and account monitoring and control. Ensuring data security accountability is an important factor in a company. The company needs to make sure they are aware of the responsibilities. Information like confidential data has value and also bank account statements, personal information, and credit card numbers. According to a statement on IT Security Community Blog: â€Å"A very key component of protecting information confidentiality would be encryption. Encryption ensures thatShow MoreRelatedSecurity As A Service Provider Paper984 Words   |  4 Pagesthis modern and ubiquitously connected world, an organization’s security posture can determine its fate, attacks are committed by nefarious actors worldwide every day, it is important that an organization follow security industry’s best practice and governing laws and regulations, go a step further in protecting not only its own data but also all data and information especially regarding clients. This paper will discuss the way a Security as a Service Provider – Secured Inc. which had gone above andRead MoreInformation Governance : The Center Of The Healthcare Industry1488 Words   |  6 Pagesform. Safe and accurate information are some of the keys to quality care. With the industry constantly changing and with several ways of accessing processed data, safeguarding patient information is top priority. Information governance (IG) seeks to improve how information is handled (Hutchinson Sharples, 2006). IG includes the protection of data, personal health records (PHR), electronic health records (EHR), and medical information exchanged via telemedicine. Breaches of personal information haveRead MoreAnalysis Of Bass Fixed Base Operator982 Words   |  4 Pages The issues of information system security, ethical, legal, and privacy have received greater attention in the last few years as management has realized the importance of internal control to the effective governance of organizations and the IT that drives organizations. BASS understands what the central security issues are, taking prudent actions to protect our systems, and putting a set of effective security policies in place are critical steps BASS must take to ensure that our machines andRead MoreUse Of Computer Based Information System1531 Words   |  7 Pagesdaily activity and environmental data.† This collection permits a complete record of the patient, allowing the potential of mHealth â€Å"to play a key role in transforming our lives for the better.† The importance of the collected information cannot be forgotten, this constitutes personal information and for this reason, it is extremely sensitive, forcing organizations to take actions about the security and pr otection of the information, starting immediately for ensuring that the technology used are secureRead MoreData Breaches And The Healthcare Industry1676 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of data breaches in hospital industry Data breaches have become common nowadays especially in the healthcare industry. For example, a number of hacking events have been reported in the past years (Croll, 2007). Such events in the healthcare industry, have threatened the safety of private medical records. Since the healthcare environment posses the most valuable information of patients, they are the establishments who are most likely to suffer from hackers. Most importantly, patients worryRead MoreMicrosoft Azure And Google App Engine Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesData location and data segregation are of importance in the cloud, given the disparate physical location of shared computing resources. It is a possibility that cloud users be under statutory, regulatory or contractual obligations to ensure that data is held and managed in a certain way. To understand where the data is stored in the cloud, a person must what type of cloud deployment models there are in use. There are four different cloud deployment models that are used in the cloud computing environmentRead MoreOutsourcing A Business Is A Risky Affair1445 Words   |  6 Pagesquality, vendor dependency, cost escalation, and security criticalities . Outsourcing a business is a risky affair. Handing over control to another company who might do a better job of the outsourced process, probably for a lower cost, but there is also a chance it will get things wrong. And if something goes awry, it is the outsourcing company s name that will take a beating. Businesses put themselves in a precarious situation if cyber security standards are not adhered to by their contractorsRead MoreTft2 Cyberlaw, Regulations, and Compliance1320 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: Policy Statements 1 Policy Statements Kevin Corey Western Governors University Policy Statements 2 Internationally security techniques and standards, such as ISO 17799, establish guidelines that organizations must implement in order to maintain information security. Information must be protected from those without a readily need to know to perform organizational business functions. Unauthorized access to information can have a detrimental impact on an organizationRead MoreThe Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act1416 Words   |  6 PagesHistory The history of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPPA, began in 1996 when a legal mandate was issue by Congress to protect the ethical principles and confidentiality of patient information (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2014). Prior to this legislation, employees were not protected between jobs. Waste, fraud and abuse in health insurance and healthcare delivery was prevalent. The need to protect the rights of the patient was needed but also the Act contained passagesRead MoreThe Privacy And Ethics Of The Connecticut Department Of Developmental Services1457 Words   |  6 PagesLeah McCarvill Post University â€Æ' Abstract Compliance in protecting information is of prime importance for Quality Management Division of the Connecticut Department of Developmental Services along with any Information Technology professionals. The information collected and stored within the multiple databases and QSR web application is sensitive and falls under (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) HIPAA laws and require all employees to be considered mandated reporters. â€Æ' DDS Privacy

The Crucible, By Arthur Miller - 1790 Words

The question on everyone’s mind is what really are the explanations for these â€Å"supernatural forces† pegging these poor Puritan towns? Could it really have been witchcraft and magic? Or could there be another explanation for these unusually events? In Arthur Miller s historical fiction play, The Crucible, Abigail Williams, in order to remove the wife of the man she loves, with the help from the other town girls, she accuses a large portion of her Puritan town of witchcraft. Abigail Williams is to blame, but not entirely, for successfully sentencing many to death because the town did not consider the possible environmental mental disorders, she shows symptoms of primarily, Borderline Personality Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Reactive Attachment Disorder. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a mental disorder that is caused by a childhood traumatic event which leads to mental and behavioral instability. Abigail’s trauma roots in her â€Å" [seeing] Indians smash [her] dear parents’ head on the pillows next to [hers]† (Miller 19). The loss of her parents was ultimately the turning point in Abigail’s life because this led to living with her uncle who could not provide her emotional support after the already violent and traumatic event. She was not able to have a stable home life as she was moved from place to place. Also, witnessing the murder from a young age lead her to accept and turn to violence. This violence tendency is not only toward others but towardShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. The three characters are John Proctor, AbigailRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagesmotivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1333 Words   |  6 PagesAs the various characters in The Crucible by Arthur Miller interact, the dominant theme of the consequences of women’s nonconformity begins to slide out from behind the curtains of the play. Such a theme reveals the gripping fear that inundated the Puritans during the seventeenth century. This fear led to the famous witch-hunts that primarily terrorized women who deviated from the Puritan vision of absolute obedience and orthodoxy. Arthur Miller presents his interpretation of the suffering by subtlyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. The Groupthink symptom, Rationale, is described as when victims of Groupthink ignore warnings: they also collectivelyRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller811 Words   |  4 Pages While The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, is only a four act play, it still resembles the format of a five act play. The five-act structure evolved from a three-act structure, which was made famous by Roman Aelius Donatus. Donatus came up with three types of plays: Protasis, Epitasis, and Catastrophe. The five-act structure helped to expand the three act structure, mainly made famous by Shakespeare through his many tragedies. Even though The Crucible contains only four acts, it still has the commonRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1052 Words   |  5 PagesBuddy Al-Aydi Ms.Healy English 9 CP 14th October 2014 The Crucible Essay The Crucible was a novel written by Arthur Miller in the 1950’s. It was written in a format of the play, portraying an allegory of the Salem Witch-Hunts led by Senator Joseph McCarthy. The book is known to have a inexplicable plot. This plot is advanced by multiple characters in the book in order to ensure that the reader maintains interest with the material that is being read. The farmer, John Proctor, would be theRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller841 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a chaotic play, throughout this American classic Arthur Miller takes the reader through multiple events of terror and insanity. While creating a great on-stage play, Arthur Miller portrays his life through the events, the characters, and plot of The Crucible. Using vivid imagery and comprehensible symbolism, Miller manipulates the real personalities of the characters and events in 1600 Salem, Massachusetts to create a symbolic autobiography. Throughout this play, the reader experie nces

Manufacturing and Economic Order Quantity Sample Essay Example For Students

Manufacturing and Economic Order Quantity Sample Essay ( This instance appears in the text edition on pages 463-464 of the 2nd edition and page 464 of the 3rd edition. I have changed the British ? mark to the U. S. $ mark on the pecuniary informations. You can utilize U. S. $ for all pecuniary answers. ) FabQual Ltd. Industries parts and subassemblies for a figure of small-volume makers of specialised building equipment. including bulldozers. graders. and cement sociables. FabQual besides manufactures and distributes trim parts. The company has made a forte of supplying trim parts for equipment no longer in production ; this includes wear parts that are no longer in production for any OEM. The Materials Management Group ( MMG ) orders parts – both for bringing to a customer’s production line and for spares – from the Fabrication Department. Spare parts are stocked in a Finished Goods Store. FabQual’s portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o is a wear portion made merely for spares demand. It has had demand averaging 300 units per hebdomad for more than a twelvemonth. and this degree of demand is expected to prevail for at least 4 more old ages. The standard divergence of hebdomadal demand is 50 units. ( You can disregard this standard divergence information. You will non necessitate to work with it for the inquiries I have asked. ) The MMG has been telling 1300 units monthly of portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o from the Fabrication Department to run into the forecast one-year demand of 15. 600 units. The order is placed in the first hebdomad of each month. In order to supply Fabrication with scheduling flexibleness. every bit good as to assist with be aftering natural stuff demands. a 3-week fabrication lead clip is allowed for parts. In the Fabrication Department. 2 hours is now allowed for each apparatus for a tally of portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o. This clip includes strip-down of the old apparatus ; bringing of natural stuffs. drawings. tools and fixtures. etc ; and buildup of the new apparatus. The 2-hour apparatus clip is a recent betterment over the old 4 hours. as the consequence of apparatus decrease activities in the Fabrication Department. The Fabrication Department charges $ 20 per hr for apparatuss. Part figure 650810/ss/R9/o enters the Finished Goods Stores at a full fabrication cost of $ 55. The Financial Office requires a 25 % per point per twelvemonth cost for stock list planning and control. ( This is your one-year keeping cost rate ) . Analysis:1. Calculate the entire one-year cost of the present ordination policy for portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o. 2. Calculate the batch size for portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o if FabQual were to utilize an economic order measure ( EOQ ) . 3. Calculate the entire one-year cost of utilizing an economic order measure for portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o? 4. Determine the reorder point for portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o if demand was ever happening at the unvarying rate of 300 units per hebdomad. 6. Determine the cost deductions of a alteration from the present strategy to one based on the economic order measure. Assignment:Write a study to the manager of the Materials Management Group ( MMG ) in which you provide your recommendations on how this stock list portion ( portion figure 650810/ss/R9/o ) should be managed. Supply principle for your recommendations ( your principle will come from the above computations ) .

Technology affects educations Essay Example For Students

Technology affects educations Essay How Technology Effects Education The best method for improving educational standards is to utilize every tool available, including state-of-the-art technology. Computers and the Internet have expanded the way in which information can be delivered to the students of today. Todays networking technologies provide a valuable opportunity to practice new learning techniques. Educators are discovering that computers are facilitating learning. Computer based communications, or Telecommunications, can offer many educational opportunities; therefore, educators will need to adapt current teaching methods to incorporate this new media into the classroom. We will write a custom essay on Technology affects educations specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Computers have made a fundamental impact in most industries, providing a competitive advantage that has come to be essential to many businesses. Therefore, schools must also use technology to improve the educational process. School systems often consider purchasing a computer network, and justify its purchase by applying it to routine administrative tasks, such as attendance records and grading. While these tasks are very important, they only show a small part of what technology can do for a school. Technology must go further than simply keeping attendance; it must focus on keeping students interested and productive. Since computers and the Internet have expanded in such a way in which education can be delivered to students, it is currently possible to engage in distance education through the Internet. Distance education involves audio and video links between teachers and students in remote areas. Video conferencing allows groups to communicate with each other. Desktop video conferencing promises to bring students together from geographic and cultural distances, face to face via computer. Not only will the teacher talk to the students, but the students will be able to interact with each other. This will make students more interested and fascinated with learning. Not only does the Internet and video conferencing help education, but new programs designed for educational purposes are being developed. Dictionaries, encyclopedias and atlases that a student can access from his own computer can be a definite advantage. For example, instead of looking for a particular country and simply finding out where it is in a regular atlas, that can type in the name of that country, and not only will they find out where it is faster, but they will obtain more information about that particular country. Instead of having volumes and volumes of heavy encyclopedias, technology has enabled companies to place all of these massive books onto one small CD. This CD is much simpler than the unpleasant job of flipping page by page just to read about an uninteresting topic, such as history. Writing reports on a type-writer was a displeasing method to write term papers; especially if that student runs out of white-out. Certain programs offer a spell-checker, thesaurus, and other helpful features, which make writing that term-paper easier. These particular programs are only a few of the educational resources available to students. Most educational boards should be open to any new idea that technology has to offer. It would not be fair for a student in a particular city to receive a better education than another student in a different city. Technology is not meant to replace teachers, but is there to serve students to make tedious tasks easier. Therefore, this technology should be available to every student, wherever they may live. In doing this, it not only needs the support of teachers and educators, but it also requires support from communities. However, technology can not work by itself. Teachers must take a position in designing a tech-powered classroom curriculum, devoting time to become familiar with the new available resources. Technology can also improve writing with the use of new word processing programs that provide easy to use tools that are not normally available in the classroom. Technology is able to help students in a variety of ways. By making learning more enjoyable, students will want to learn and will not see education as such a difficult responsibility. . Technology affects educations Essay Example For Students Technology affects educations Essay How Technology Effects Education The best method for improving educational standards is to utilize every tool available, including state-of-the-art technology. Computers and the Internet have expanded the way in which information can be delivered to the students of today. Todays networking technologies provide a valuable opportunity to practice new learning techniques. Educators are discovering that computers are facilitating learning. Computer based communications, or Telecommunications, can offer many educational opportunities; therefore, educators will need to adapt current teaching methods to incorporate this new media into the classroom. We will write a custom essay on Technology affects educations specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Computers have made a fundamental impact in most industries, providing a competitive advantage that has come to be essential to many businesses. Therefore, schools must also use technology to improve the educational process. School systems often consider purchasing a computer network, and justify its purchase by applying it to routine administrative tasks, such as attendance records and grading. While these tasks are very important, they only show a small part of what technology can do for a school. Technology must go further than simply keeping attendance; it must focus on keeping students interested and productive. Since computers and the Internet have expanded in such a way in which education can be delivered to students, it is currently possible to engage in distance education through the Internet. Distance education involves audio and video links between teachers and students in remote areas. Video conferencing allows groups to communicate with each other. Desktop video conferencing promises to bring students together from geographic and cultural distances, face to face via computer. Not only will the teacher talk to the students, but the students will be able to interact with each other. This will make students more interested and fascinated with learning. Not only does the Internet and video conferencing help education, but new programs designed for educational purposes are being developed. Dictionaries, encyclopedias and atlases that a student can access from his own computer can be a definite advantage. For example, instead of looking for a particular country and simply finding out where it is in a regular atlas, that can type in the name of that country, and not only will they find out where it is faster, but they will obtain more information about that particular country. Instead of having volumes and volumes of heavy encyclopedias, technology has enabled companies to place all of these massive books onto one small CD. This CD is much simpler than the unpleasant job of flipping page by page just to read about an uninteresting topic, such as history. Writing reports on a type-writer was a displeasing method to write term papers; especially if that student runs out of white-out. Certain programs offer a spell-checker, thesaurus, and other helpful features, which make writing that term-paper easier. These particular programs are only a few of the educational resources available to students. Most educational boards should be open to any new idea that technology has to offer. It would not be fair for a student in a particular city to receive a better education than another student in a different city. Technology is not meant to replace teachers, but is there to serve students to make tedious tasks easier. Therefore, this technology should be available to every student, wherever they may live. In doing this, it not only needs the support of teachers and educators, but it also requires support from communities. However, technology can not work by itself. Teachers must take a position in designing a tech-powered classroom curriculum, devoting time to become familiar with the new available resources. Technology can also improve writing with the use of new word processing programs that provide easy to use tools that are not normally available in the classroom. Technology is able to help students in a variety of ways. By making learning more enjoyable, students will want to learn and will not see education as such a difficult responsibility. .

The Wall by Pink Floyd free essay sample

The Wall is a studio album by the English rock group Pink Floyd. Roger Waters created the album on November 30, 1979. The Wall is considered to be a rock opera. The album The Wall by Pink Floyd portrays feelings of isolation and uniqueness. The Wall is a creative production that shows blending of melodies, calming rhythms ,and unique sound effects. Syd Barrett, David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Roger Waters, and Rick Wright are the five amazing and very talented musicians that are a part of Pink Floyd. The guitar, drums, bass, synthesizer, and keyboards are all the instruments that are used in this album. In this album there are a total of two CD tracks. On each CD there are 13 songs. The lyrics in the album are limited. Throughout the album there are several sound effects. These sound effects all have meaning towards where the meaning of each song is going. For example, in the song, Thin Ice, the vocals start with the sounds of a baby crying. We will write a custom essay sample on The Wall by Pink Floyd or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It switches quickly to a harsher vocal informing the listener of the jeopardies of thin ice or the hardships of life. The baby crying can show the sadness that life can present. Other songs like Mother show how mothers are protective and build a wall to protect their children and watch over them in life, â€Å"Mama’s gonna keep baby cozy and warm †. Pink Floyd is one of the most well known classic rock bands and their music is still performed through out the world today. I had the opportunity to see a lazer light show performed in downtown Denver with my father. I personally love to listen to their music. My favorite song by Pink Floyd is by far Another brick In the Wall, because everyone knows, â€Å"We don’t need no education†.

Jack Kerouac And The Beat Movement Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Jack Kerouac And The Beat Movement Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Jack Kerouac And The Beat Movement World War II marked a wide dividing line between the old and the new in American society and the nations literature(The World Book Encyclopedia 427) . When world War II ended there was a pent up desire that had been postponed due to the war. Post war America brought about a time when it seemed that every young man was doing the same thing, getting a job, settling down and starting a family. America was becoming a nation of consumers. One group that was against conforming to this dull American lifestyle was referred to as Beatniks. The Beats or Beatniks condemned middle class American life as morally bankrupt. They praised individualism as the highest human goal(The World Book Encyclopedia 428). This perspective was present in poetry and literature through out the beat movement. One of the most important works produced during the beat movement was Jack Kerouacs On The Road. In the novel Jack Kerouacs alter ego Sal Paradise represents the American man who realizes he doesnt want to conform to societies pressures but still hasnt realized what it is exactly he wants to do. He is a man who has very little direction and is very much lost in the world as he knows it. Kerouac seems to be constantly trying to escape. In examining the novel one might wonder what is Kerouac escaping and by what means does he do so? Kerouac used two means of escape through out the novel and through out his life. His first means of escape was his constant travel. He traveled from east to west, New York to San Francisco and stopped everywhere in between. He made this trip over and over, constantly on the road. The simple title of the novel exemplifies Kerouacs ongoing need to travel. When he and his friends got tried of traveling east to west they traveled north to south, driving all the way down to Mexico City. His travels gave him the opportunity to be an outsider with no worries. He was able to witness and observe all that there was to offer throughout the country. While journeying across the states, staying in small towns for no more than a few nights, Kerouac was able to obtain a life with no commitment or responsibility. Even if he was to make some sort of commitment to one of his many girls along the way, it wasnt unlike him to just pick up and leave. After all the only thing people around seemed to know about him was that he liked to drink. This leads to the other form of escape Kerouac used, the alteration of reality. Kerouac would mentally alter his perception of reality through the use of drugs and alcohol. I was getting drunk and didnt care; everything was fine(Kerouac 35). To him everything in life was fine as long as he was drunk. He was beginning to drink heavily, and to drink whiskey and gin instead of just beer (Nicosia 96). That was only the beginning of his disillusionment. Jack began taking benzedrine and smoking marijuana(Nicosia 102). Having the means by which he escapes, the question still remains what is Kerouac trying to escape? In order to understand this we must explore some of Jacks personal issues. A issue concerning Kerouac that is very often eluded to but never really spoken about in On The Road is his possible homosexuality. While Jack never actually came out about his sexuality, his close friends would often witness Jacks participation in endless rounds of sex with both men and women(Nicosia 102). Kerouacs homosexual tendencies caused an overriding psychological conflict: Kerouac was gay but despised homosexuals. Jack talked incessantly about all the big old fags he knew(Nicosia 493). Even though Kerouac would have homosexual encounters, he felt a private guilt over his homosexual feelings. In an attempt to ease his guilt Jack would denounce homosexuality, saying that gay sex is not in my line(Nicosia 142). Jack was obviously ashamed of his homosexual experiences and fought all his life against the label queer(Nicosia 154). In 1945, he wrote a letter to Allen Ginsberg trying to resolve the issue of his possible homosexuality. He stated that the physical

Journals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Journals - Essay Example I also never talk about girls or certain topics. With this identity I think that there are certain topics that aren’t appropriate to talk about with my parents and it seems that they agree and don’t talk about certain things with me. Another identity I have is one I use with my roommate. My roommate is very confident and talks about girls and dates all the time. With him I act more like a male concerned with women and sports and typical guy things. We often discuss dates and ways to meet girls. We also argue about sports and things like that. There are certain topics I don’t talk about with my roommate, like the political issues I support. I am not sure his position on all of these things, so when we discuss things like this I purposely make my position vague and try to change the subject. I also don’t talk about books or certain television shows I like, as I know that he doesn’t have the same tastes and wouldn’t care about these things. Sometimes my identities come into conflict with each other. For instance, when my parents visited me and went out to eat with my roommate. The topics of discussion were greatly different than what we normally talk about as I had to balance the situation between my identity with my parents and my identity with my roommate. The situation made me realize that there are many faces we use in the world and how it’s not necessarily a bad thing. The question of what does it mean to be insane is very complex. Many people use the term in regular conversation, not actually meaning the person is crazy. However, when trying to determine if the person is actually legally crazy requires a number of different views. I believe that in large part whether a person is crazy or not is determined by what the society they are in thinks about them. It is possible for a person in one group of people to be considered normal, where other groups of people might think that they are crazy. For example, in Africa many places have made

The Future of Public Relation Jobs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Future of Public Relation Jobs - Essay Example y their stories directly to the audience. Let’s talk PR by Kera Cottingham This article that illustrates the future of public relation jobs argues that the personality, charming nature, and the integration of ones talent, uniqueness, being eloquent as well as endurance to various factors play a big role for the success of public relations ( Kera,2012).All these qualities need to be blended for the success of public relation. The greatest challenge is the blending of these virtues which is leading to the diminishing of public relation jobs, it goes beyond one imagination and one has to be very innovative in order to succeed in this field. Publicity mostly in this industry plays a vital role for ones success. For example, Oprah Winfrey one of the most sought after public relation figures laid down a number of lessons that many people followed leading to their success in their careers. Some of the lessons included the issue of being transparent as well as the aspect of telling th e truth about oneself. Another aspect is the issue of being fully knowledgeable towards the issues you are addressing besides being innovative. Innovativeness tops this list because it is one element that people embrace making it possible to analyze the situations in place. The Future of Public Relations in Higher Education by Georgy Cohen According to this article, the future of public relations jobs is advancing in line with the technological advancements. In addition, the emergence of online blogs as this article illustrates allows some of the public relations departments and firms to extract information regarding the public opinion on some issues which they might have not gained access to or had no prior information about (Georgy, 2011). The development of software for example Bacons media map, allows the public relation professionals and firms to gather immediate, first hand information for their editorial and reporters globally. In terms of the financial changes implementation in the field of public relations, most firms are campaigning for public relation professions to be licensed, an issue that was supported by a famous practitioner Edward Bernays. One of the key aspects covered by this article is on billing issue, whereby individuals felt that the professional billing should be put in place to replace the traditional billing per hour. For instance, quite a number of the UK public relation companies are implementing a more effective the system provided a client has a price upfront on a one time payment schedule. For example, a client may be billed for $ 1,500 for a two-hour period of consultation,$300 for a press briefings or $750 for a press conference. Strategic leadership in public relations: An integrated conceptual framework by Juan Meng This article depicts that the necessity aspect of many corporations toward the essence of Public relation in the business fraternity has evolved a new approach towards the use of the public relation to campaign f or various issues for instance healthcare, aids among other issues. This article argues that the public relati

Contextual analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Contextual analysis - Essay Example In other words, the film investigated how fast the public can be changed from a democratic ideological society to a tyrannical one in understanding the real effects strong fascist ideologies and their implications. Therefore, the film successful portrayed the gullibility of the citizen in following fascist ideologies blindingly to satisfy a certain ego, which results to cultivation of tyrannical regimes with grave consequences and unstoppable force that goes beyond the intended limits. Jin (631) narrates the tale of Mr. Chiu and his bride while merry making, a staunch policeman due to his power and authority finds it necessary to take on Chiu perhaps to irritate him, and cause a scene that would be blamed on Chiu. The policeman threw a bowl of tea to the couple, wetting their shoes upon which Chiu finds it necessary to complain. Though reminding the policeman that they had a duty to protect and keep law, the policeman takes this as a threat and with a wave, he commands his young fell ows to arrest Chiu, handcuff him, and even threatened him with pistol. Importantly, a crowd of people gathering around the scene did not raise any objection, though they were in the hotel which Chiu was being accused of breaching law and order. The effects were that the young fellows unquestionably arrested Chiu, handcuffed him just by order and took him to the headquarters. They even punched Chiu on the chest when he refused to cooperate. This excerpt from the book clearly illustrates the sentiments of fascism being illustrated in the film Die Welle. It is about the authority of a leader to use their influence in spreading an ideology that is unquestioned, but has to be acted upon, with the citizens embracing the same ideology blindly to play the game of their leader. Reiner in Die Welle is assigned to teach the autocracy type of governance in a German school. To ensure the students understand what autocracy is all about, Reiner decides to make students participate in a form of aut ocracy. Therefore, Reiner first assigns himself a name, which reflects power and control, and being the ultimate leader who has to set the pace, with others to follow. In this case Reiner sets to play as a dictatorial demagogue and is ready to promote fascist ideas to his subjects. Similar to any fascist leaders, sign language is of utmost importance and Reiner has to embrace one. Like the policeman whose wave of hand is powerful enough to cause his juniors to arrest Chin unquestionably (Jin, 631), Reiner designs his code of signs as standing up while speaking and raising their hands. The fundamental fictions of politics is the formation of a â€Å"people, an aggregation of human beings distinguishable from other aggregates of human beings and capable of being organized into a political unit; an â€Å"us† that separates them from the â€Å"them† (Anonymous, 108). Similarly, the gestures and unique communication formulated by Reiner such as standing up while talking, r aising hand when talking or even waving are elements used to construct similar characteristics of a distinct group of people from the rest in the a society. They have to understand one another as belonging to a group through their sign languages, which makes them to identify one another much easier from a crowd. These are the typical characteristics of a fascist regime. Moreover Reiner introduces a uniform of white shirts or skirts and black shorts,

Sports Leadership And Communication Physical Education Essay

Sports Leadership And Communication Physical Education Essay This research is based in Sports Leadership and communication. The specific area to be investigated is the question following: Different coaches will have different leadership and communication styles. How will you determine the most appropriate style for you to use? The Coaches leadership and communication style can affect the athletes psychology. Im investigating this area on my class paper because as a sports coach, I would like to know how to be a leader of my team and communicate with my athletes. Based on that problem statement, I have to answer the questions: What is Leadership? What is Communication? From these two basic questions, I should answer more focused questions. What is leadership and how is connected with psychology? What are the leadership traits? How communication skills can be use in sports psychology? How can you send and receive messages more effectively to athletes psychology? These questions are made into sections which can be: Definitions of leadership The Leadership traits Communication Send and receive messages Definition of leadership in Sports psychology Leadership might broadly be considered the behavioral process of influencing individuals and groups towards set goals. This definition is useful because it encompasses many dimensions or leadership. In sport and exercise, these dimensions include making decisions, motivating participants, giving feedback, establishing interpersonal relationships, and directing the group or team confidently. (Weinberg, 2007) A leader knows where the group or team is going and provides the direction and resources to help it get there. Coaches who are good leaders provide not only a vision of what to strive for but also the day-to-day structure, motivation, and support to translate vision into reality. Coaches, teachers, and exercise specialists are leaders who seek to provide each participant with maximum opportunities to achieve success. And successful leaders also try to ensure that individual success helps achieve team success. (Weinberg, 2007) Leadership is simply this: First its knowing how to chart a course, to give others direction by having a vision of what can be. A team without a leader is like a ship without a rudder. Second, leadership is developing the social and psychological environment-what business calls the corporate culture and Ill call team culture-to achieve the goals the leader has charted. This culture consists of selecting, motivating, rewarding, retaining, and unifying members of your team-players, assistants, everyone who helps your organization. Excellent coaches-leaders-give the team vision, and know how to translate this vision into reality. Coaches, in their leadership roles, seek to develop an environment whereby each and every athlete has the maximum opportunity to achieve success, and in so doing achieve team success. The coach is concerned not only with the physical environment, but the psychological and social environments as well. . (Martens, 1987) Leadership formally defined, is the action of an individual to influence others toward set goals. It is often confused with management. Management consists of planning, organizing, staffing and recruiting, scheduling, budgeting, and public relations. Leaders perform these functions, or delegate them to others, but they also do more. Leaders determine the direction for the future, and then marshal the resources within the organization to pursue that vision. Managers simply handle the routine, never questioning whether the routine should be done. This distinction is significant in sport, for too many teams are over managed and underled. (Martens, 1987) Leadership emphasizes interpersonal relationships and has direct impact on motivation, whereas management necessarily does not. Tom Peters and Nancy Austin write in A Passion for Excellence: Coaching is face-to-face leadership that pulls together people with diverse backgrounds, talents, experiences and interests, encourages them to step up to responsibility and continued achievement, and treats them as full-scale partners and contributors. Coaching is not about memorizing techniques or devising the perfect game plan. It is about really paying attention to people-really believing them, really caring about them, really involving them. (1985, p. 326) While reading through the massive literature on leadership, I gained two impressions. First, the leadership literature in psychology, including sport psychology, contains pounds of pulp and ounces of information. Never have so many said so much to tell us so little. And second, the essence of leadership, what sets it apart from other human processes, is ill conceived in psychology. (Weinberg, 2007) Leadership Style There are two leadership styles democratic and autocratic. As you might expect, the coach with a democratic style is typically athlete centered, cooperative, and relationship oriented. Conversely, the autocratic style is usually win oriented, tightly structured, and task oriented. A coach need not act entirely one way or the other. Coaches can effectively integrate and blend democratic and autocratic leadership styles. Different leadership behaviors are more optimal in various situations, as you have seen through the multidimensional model of sport leadership and LSS. The challenge is determining what style best suits the circumstances and whether individuals and flexible enough to adapt their dominant style to a particular leadership situation. The appropriate coaching style depends most on situational factors and member characteristics. (Weinberg, 2007) One aspect of style that has been researched is how decisions are made by coaches. In fact, coaching effectiveness largely depends on making good decisions and the degree to which those decisions are accepted by athletes. Chelladurai and others have developed a model of decision making that applies in sport. Five primary styles of decision making are used in sport: Autocratic style. The coach solves the problem herself using the information available at the time. Autocratic-consultative style. The coach obtains the necessary information from relevant players and then comes to a decision. Consultative-individual style. The coach consults the players individually and then makes a decision. The decision may or may not reflect the players input. Consultative-group style. The coach consults the players as a group and then makes a decision. The decision may or may not reflect the players input. Group style. The coach shares the problem with the players; then the players jointly make the decision without any influence from the coach. (Weinberg, 2007) To the above figure we can see the different types of coaching leadership style: (Martens,1987) Section II Trait Approach In the 1920s, researchers tried to determine what characteristics or personality traits were common to great leaders in business and industry. They considered leadership traits to be relatively stable personality dispositions, such as intelligence, assertiveness, independence, and self-confidence. Proponents of the trait theory argued that successful leaders have certain personality characteristics that make it likely they will be leaders no matter what situation they are in. This would mean, for example, that Michael Jordan would be a great leader not only on the basketball court but also in other areas of life such as business and community affairs (or as part owner of the Washington Wizards). Or that Winston Churchill, Gandhi, or Martin Luther King, Jr., would have similar personality characteristics that helped make them effective leaders. (Weinberg, 2007) The trait approach lost favor after World War à Ã‹Å", when Stogdill reviewed more than 100 trait theory studies of leadership and found only a couple of consistent personality traits. Although certain traits might be helpful for a leader to have, they are certainly not essential for successful leadership. Because common leadership traits among coaches, exercise leaders, and performers have not been found, little sport research today uses the trait approach to leadership theory. Leaders have a variety of personality traits. There are no specific traits that make a leader successful. (Weinberg, 2007) Interactional Approach Trait and behavioral approaches emphasize personal factors at the expense of considering the interaction between people and their situational constraints. Many researches in industry and general psychology have proposed interactional models of leadership. These interactional theories have important implications for effective leadership in sport and exercise settings. As we have seen, no one set of characteristics ensures successful leadership. Investigators believe that great leaders have had in common personality traits appropriate to leadership role and distinct from nonleadership roles. However, leaders have not been predicted solely by their personality traits. Effective leadership styles or behaviors fit the specific situation. Coaches have been fired from team positions, for example, when administrators thought they werent providing effective leadership, only to be hired by another team where they were immediately successful. These coaches probably did not suddenly change their leadership styles or the way they coached-rather, their leadership styles and behavior fit better in the new settings. Leadership styles can be changed. If you hear someone say, Some people just have what it takes, dont believe it. In fact, coaches and other leaders can alter their styles and behaviors to match the demands of a situation. Two examples of leadership styles are presented as well as how they might change to fit a situation. For example, relationship-oriented leaders develop interpersonal relationships, keep open lines of communications, maintain positive social interactions, and ensure that everyone is involved and feeling good (their style is analogous to the consideration function described earlier). On the other hand, task-oriented leaders primarily work to get the task done and meet their objectives (their style is analogous to the initiating structure function described earlier). A relationship-oriented leader focuses on developing and maintaining good interpersonal relationships; a task-oriented leader focuses on setting goals and getting the job done. People can change from a relationship-oriented style to a task-oriented style and vice versa, depending on the situation. According to Fiedlers research as he developed his contingency model of leadership, the effectiveness of leadership depends equally on the leaders style of interacting with the group and on the situation. Specifically, Fiedler argued that a task-oriented leader is more effective in either very favorable or unfavorable situations; a relationship-oriented leader is more effective in moderately favorable situations. A physical education teacher in an inner-city school that lacks facilities, leadership, and community support might have to be seen as very unfavorable. Getting things done and setting goals would override developing positive interpersonal relations. In contrast, a physical education teacher in a lower-middle-class school where the facilities are poor but the community support is good (moderately favorable situation) might be more effective as a relations hip-oriented leader. Thus, sport and exercise professionals need to be flexible in leadership styles, tailoring them to meet the demands of situation. If a coach feels more comfortable with one type of leadership style than another, she should seek out situations in which this style would be more effective. Highly skilled players are typically already task oriented, and coaches who have a more relationship-oriented style appear to be more effective with these players. Conversely, less skilled players need more continuous instruction and feedback, and a task-oriented coach would be more appropriate for them. This does not mean than less skilled individuals do not need or want a caring, empathic coach or that more highly skilled participants do not need specific feedback and instruction. It is a matter of what should be emphasized. The effectiveness of an individuals leadership style stems from matching the style to the situation. (Weinberg, 2007) In Finding a Way to Win, Bill Parcells, successful football coach what he believes to be the keys to successful leadership: Integrity. A leaders philosophy must have a sound structure, must be rooted in the leaders basic values, must be communicated and accepted throughout the organization, must be resistant to outside pressure, and must remain in place long enough to allow for success. Flexibility. Traditions are made to be broken. If youre doing something just because its always been done that the way, then you may be missing an opportunity to do better. Loyalty. The first task of leadership is to promote and enforce collective loyalty, also known as teamwork. Confidence. If you want to build confidence in your players and coaching staff, give them responsibility and decision-making capabilities and support them in their attempts. Accountability. Accountability starts at the top. You cant build an accountable organization without leaders who take full responsibility. Candor. When sending a message, its not enough to be honest and accurate. The impact of the message will hinge on whos receiving it-and what the recipients are willing to take in at that time. Preparedness. Well-prepared leaders plan ahead for all contingencies, including the ones they consider unlikely or distasteful. Resourcefulness. At its most basic level, resourcefulness is simply resilience, a refusal to quit or give in even when all seems bleak. Self-discipline. There is always a way to compete, even against superior forces, but strict adherence to a calculated plan is required. Patience. Patience is rarest-and most valuable-when an organization is performing poorly. Its not enough to know what changes must be made; its equally important to decide when to make them. (Weinberg, 2007) Section III: Communication The relationship that exists between a coach and an athlete has been extensively researched, and can be both extreme and powerful (panel). A coach has tremendous influence on the physical and psychological development of their athletes. Sophia Jowett has defined a positive coach-athlete relationship as a state reached when coaches and athletes closeness (eg, interpersonal feelings of trust, respect, and appreciation), commitment (eg, interpersonal thoughts and intentions that aim to maintain the relationship over time), and complementarity (ie, interpersonal behaviours of cooperation, such as responsiveness, easiness, and friendliness) are mutually and causally interconnected. The main responsibility of the coach is to enable their athletes to attain levels of performance not otherwise achievable. Coaches therefore need to motivate athletes and establish the right conditions for learning. Effective coaches have many skills. They should, for instance, be good communicators and have a working knowledge of the learning processes, and of the teaching methods, training principles, and assessment procedures associated with their sport. (Sandra E Short, Martin W, 2005) These skills enable a coach to fulfil five defined roles-those of teacher, organiser, competitor, learner, and friend and mentor. 1. Teacher: This role is the most immediately recognisable function of a coach. Quality training or practising provide opportunities for coaches to display their knowledge and skills to help prepare athletes for competition. Training involves the provision of tuition about physical, tactical, technical, and mental aspects of the sport. Although some coaches also teach their athletes psychological skills (such as mental imagery or relaxation techniques) to help them learn and perform new skills, and effective strategies to improve their self confidence and regulate arousal and anxiety levels, many hire psychologists to work with their teams on these aspects of mental training. 2. Organiser: Typically the least enjoyable or rewarding part of being a coach involves the work that is done behind the scenes-the organisation of practices and competitions, and the scheduling, planning, and transportation of athletes-that makes for a successful season. Organisation, however, helps a coach to prepare for training and for competition, and is a crucial variable for success in all sports. A coach must have an explicit plan or vision, especially in team sports. It is vital for a coach to begin every season by outlining the steps necessary to achieve success. Related to the role of the coach as an organiser is the recognition that they often have to work within certain constraints. There are issues specific to places and contextual factors like scholarship allotment and budgets that can affect a coachs win-loss record. 3. Competitor: Throughout the day of competition, the coach must attend to various tasks. These tasks differ from sport to sport. Coaches of teams play a more active part in competitions than do coaches who work in individual sports; having to make athlete substitutions, call time-outs, and interact with officials. Individual sport coaches are often passive observers during competitions. Coaches in team sports also tend to be more emotional than those in individual sports, in that they are more likely to experience the same emotions as many of their athletes. This emotional response, coupled with perceptions of how the team played and the outcome of the contest, interact to affect the content and focus of the post-competition meeting with athletes. 4. Learner: A coach should be continually learning about their sport and improving their abilities as a trainer. 5. Friend and mentor: Coaches have the opportunity to develop strong relationships with their athletes and to take on the role of friend and mentor. This process involves being a positive role model, discussing problems, sharing successes, offering support when needed, and even providing counselling when necessary. This aspect of coaching can have a strong positive or negative effect on the athlete and affects their feelings of satisfaction with the coach-athlete relationship. An important research finding is that successful coaches seek to improve athletes lives both inside and outside of sport. Results of research into the characteristics of coaches indicate that there are some differences between those who work in individual sports and those who work in team sports. The same is true for athletes. Irrespective of the type of sport, however, both parties view the structure and function of the coach-athlete relationship in the same way. It is noteworthy, though, that athletes in individual sports often feel closer and more committed to their coaches than do team players. What seems to be more important than the individual sport versus team sport distinction is the expectation that a coach has for their athletes. The expectancy theory, or the self-fulfilling prophecy, describes the situation in which coaches perceptions of their athletes affect their behaviour towards them, consequently encouraging actions from the athletes that are consistent with the initial judgment. In sport, the expectancy model comprises four stages. First, coaches form expectations of their athletes bas ed on the athletes personal cues-eg, physical appearance, ethnic origin, and sex-and performance information-eg, practice behaviour, past performances, and skill tests. Second, the expectations made by the coaches affect their behaviour towards the athletes with respect to the frequency and quality of interactions, quality and quantity of instruction, and type and frequency of feedback. Third, over time, the coaches behaviour affects the athletes performances by causing lowexpectancy athletes to perform to poor standard because they have received less reinforcement and playing time, have less confidence, and believe their ability is limited, compared with high-expectancy performers, who typically excel. The cycle is complete when the athletes performance confirms the coachs expectancy. If a coach is wrong, a gifted athlete might never achieve his or her potential. Coaching is an art as well as a science. A coach has to assimilate a vast amount of information and scientific data about their sport, and translate it into practical coaching and training programmes. The success or failure of this process relies heavily on the coachs experience, availability of resources, knowledge of the event or sport, and their relationship with the athletes that they are coaching. By understanding the scientific principles that surround their sport, a well designed training programme can be developed that will help an athlete reach their full potential. The art of coaching is in the understanding and application of the science. (Sandra E Short, Martin W,2005) Sending and receiving messages These are guidelines for sending effective verbal and nonverbal messages (Martens, 1987b): 1. Be direct. People who avoid straightforward communicating assume that others know what they want or feel. Rather than expressing their message directly, they hint at what they have in mind-or they tell a third person, hoping the message will get to the intended recipient indirectly. 2. Own your message. Use I and my not we or the team, when referencing your messages. You disown your messages when you say, The team feels or Most people think you are.. . What youre saying is what you believe, and using others to bolster what you have to say implies cowardice in expressing your own megs.. 3. Be complete and specific. Provide the person to whom you are speaking with all the information he needs to fully understand your message. 4. Be clear and consistent. Avoid double messages. I really want to play you, Mary, but I dont think this is a good game for you. I think youre a fine athlete, but youll just have to be patient. This is an example of a double message-acceptance and rejection-and it probably leave Mary confused and hurt. Double messages send contradictory meanings, and usually the person sending them is afraid to be direct. 5. State your needs and feelings clearly. Because our society frowns on those who wear their emotions on their sleeves, we tend not to reveal our feelings and needs to others. Yet to develop close relationships, you must share your feelings. 6. Separate fact from opinion. State what you see, hear, and know, and then clearly identify any opinions or conclusions you have about these facts. You say to your son when he returns home late one night, I see youve been out with the Williamson kid again. In the context in which you say it, your son will receive the message but not be certain of what exactly your concern is about the Williamson boy. A better way to send this message would be to say, That was the Williamson kid, wasnt it? (verifying a fact) and then, Im concerned that you spend time with him. Im afraid hell get you into trouble (stating your opinion). Although your son may not be pleased with your opinion, at least hell understand it. 7. Focus on one thing at a time. Have you ever begun discussing how to execute a particular skill and abruptly switched to complaining about how the team hasnt been practicing well? Organize your thoughts before speaking. 8. Deliver messages immediately. When you observe something that upsets you or that needs to be changed, dont delay sending a message. Sometimes holding back can result in your exploding later about a little thing. Responding immediately also makes for more effective feedback than a delayed response. 9. Make sure your message does not contain a hidden agenda, which means that the stated purpose of the message is not the same as the real purpose. To determine if your message contains a hidden agenda, ask yourself these two questions: Why am I saying this to this person? Do I really want the person to hear this, or is something else involved? 10. Be supportive. If you want another person to listen to your messages, dont deliver them with threats, sarcasm, negative comparisons, or judgments. Eventually the person will avoid communicating with you or simply tune you out whenever you speak. 11. Be consistent with your nonverbal messages. Perhaps you tell a player it is okay to make an error, but your body gestures and facial expressions contradict your words. Conflicting messages confuse people and hinder future communication. 12. Reinforce with repetition. Repeat key points to reinforce what you are saying. However, dont repeat too often, because this causes the other person to stop listening. You can also reinforce messages by using additional channels of communication-show a picture or video along with explaining a skill, for example. 13. Make your message appropriate to the receivers frame of reference. Messages can be much better understood if you tailor them to the experiences of the person with whom you are communicating. It is inappropriate, for example, to use complex language when speaking to young athletes. They do not have the vocabulary to understand what youre saying. 14. Look for feedback that your message was accurately interpreted. Watch for verbal and nonverbal signals that the person to whom you are speaking is receiving the message you intended. If no signal is given, ask questions to solicit the feedback: Do you understand what I am telling you, Susan? or Are you clear about what you should do? Athletes and Coaches behaviour has the most important role in their communication to the follow article we see some studies about players and coaches behaviour. Relevance of several factors to players aggressive behavior has been extensively studied. Sport-related factors were studied in the framework of context-personality (Isberg, 1985, 1986, 1989) or context-gender (Rainey, 1986; Kemler, 1988; Bond Nideffer, 1992) relationship. Teams moral atmosphere, team norms regulating aggressive acts, and players perception of these norms are mentioned to be important in this circumstance (Stephens Bredemeier, 1996). Difficulty of the task (McGowan Schultz, 1989) and use of anabolic steroids (Lefavi, Reeve, Newland, 1990) also appear to be relevant to aggression in sport. The relevance of communicating factors was also studied (Hanin, 1980) and practically discussed (Hanin, 1992). Coach-related factors are also of importance in this context. Coaching includes decision-making processes, motivational techniques, giving feedback, establishing interpersonal relationships and directing the team confidently. Good coaches provide not only a vision of what to strive for, but also the day-to-day structure, motivation, and support to translate vision into reality. Because of the importance of coaches behaviors and its possible relation to players behaviors, it seems that our understanding about the significance of this relationship needs improvement. Having studied coaches behaviors extensively, some investigators tried to categorize coaching behaviors. Tharp and Gallimore (1976) after studying the behavior of the most successful NBA coach emphasized the importance of instruction and demonstration behaviors and their significant effects on players success. At the same time, sport specific questionnaires were also developed. Danielson, Zelhart, and Drake (1975), revised the Leadership Behavior Description Questionnaire to classify coaching behaviors into eight categories. On the other hand, researchers trying to develop guidelines for training coaches (Smith, Smoll, Hunt, 1977; Smoll, Smith, Curtis, Hunt, 1978) needed a proper tool to observe and classify coaches behaviors; therefore, the Coaching Behavior Assessment System (CBAS) was developed for coding and analyzing the behaviors of coaches in natural field settings (Smoll Smith, 1984). This system which was applied in the present study, divides coaches behavior into twelve categories as follows: Reinforcement Nonreinforcement Mistake-contingent encouragement Mistake-contingent technical instruction Punishment Punitive technical instruction Ignoring mistakes Keeping control General technical instruction General encouragement Organization and General communication According to Smoll and Smith (1984), distributions in the CBAS categories indicated that nearly two-thirds of coaches behaviors were found to be positive, falling into the categories of: a) positive einforcement, b) general technical instruction, and c) general encouragement. Players who played for coaches, who frequently used encouragement, instructions, and reinforcement, demonstrated greater self-esteem at the end of season. They rated their teammates and their sport more positively. According to Weinberg and Gould (1995) these players reported that: they liked their teammates more, felt their coaches were knowledgeable, rated their coaches better as teachers, had a greater desire to play again the next year, and had higher levels of enjoyment comparing to other young players (p. 208). Having considered the association between coaches and players behaviors (Tharp Gallimore, 1976; Danielson, Zelhart, Drake; 1975), one may consider that some players unwanted or negative actions may also be related to coaches behaviors. Aggressive behaviors are among the most problematic behaviors in sport setting and reported to be somehow related to coaching behaviors. Isberg (1985) reported that coaches encouraged players to commit aggressive acts to win the game; such acts were often rewarded by coaches and teammates. Stephens and Light-Bredemeier (1996) observed that the power of context in elite level of competition, forced young soccer players to act aggressively even if they had different orientation. Special stress on relating players aggressions to coaches behaviors would be explained by Social Leaming Theory (Bandura, 1973), which emphasizes the important role that significant others have on the development or control of aggression (Smith, 1988). Therefore, the main objec tive of the present study was to investigate the reality and the amount of possible correlations among coaches behaviors and players aggressive acts in natural field settings. (S. M. VaezMousavi, M. Shojaei, 2005) Conclusion Leadership is the process that one individual set some goals and is trying to support them and accomplish them with the help of others. A Leader is a person who rules others and he is trying to guide and inspire them. As a Coach you have to have the strength to lead your players or athletes. There are different types of coach-leaders but is good to borrow from other coaching-leaders if you want to improve your coaching and leadership skills. The most important traits of a leader are honesty, integrity, to be a good person and to be positive. Exhibiting these traits will decrease your leadership. A coach influences the physical and psychological development of his athletes. Some important roles of a coach are teacher, organizer, competitor, leader, friend and mentor. The characteristics of a coach are different depending on who he is coaching. When he is sending some messages he must be direct, complet

Active Versus Passive Mind Debate Essay

Étienne Bonnot de Condillac an 18th-century French philosopher contended that the senses are the foundation for all ideas and other functions carried out in the mind. Another prominent French philosopher, Renà © Descartes supported the Rationalistic theory; an explanation of behavior based on logic that has nothing to do with the senses. Condillac’s Sensationalism premise and Descartes theory of Rationalism serve as fuel for the classic active versus passive mind debate. The passive mind theory suggests that all learning occurs through the experience of sensations, in the absence of voluntary mind control processes, while the active mind theory claims the exact opposite; that individuals actively focus certain mental processes on the subject matter and the senses play no part in the process. Descartes also believed that sensory data was inclined to be false and was therefore useless, suggesting that mathematical deduction was the only path to the truth. Justin Skirry 2008 I believe that both theories have some validity. The problem arises for me with the use of the word all by Condillac, and the use of the word only by Descartes, which is what takes the theories from the moderate part of the continuum to the extreme. Sensory learning is of course a proven fact, but it is also a fact that active learning occurs as well. It is not unusual for a philosopher to be both a sensationalist and a rationalist at the same time. I tend to trust my deductive powers of reasoning more than my senses, because many outside forces can alter the senses. Take emotion for instance, I am aware of the role unchecked emotions can play in faulty decision-making. I have learned not to make important decisions when I am in a highly emotional state.

Handloom Sector

The Textile industry occupies a unique place in our country. One of the earliest to come into existence in India, it accounts for 14% of the total Industrial production, contributes to nearly 30% of the total exports and is the second largest employment generator after agriculture. Today, India's textile sector comprises four important segments: †¢Modern textile mills †¢Independent Power looms †¢Handlooms and †¢Garments ROLE OF HANDLOOM SECTOR:The Handloom sector plays a very important role in the country’s economy. It is one of the largest economic activities providing direct employment to over 65 lakhs persons engaged in weaving and allied activities. As a result of effective Government intervention through financial assistance and implementation of various developmental and welfare schemes, this sector has been able to withstand competition from the power loom and mill sectors.This sector contributes nearly 19% of the total cloth produced in the country and also adds substantially to export earnings. Handloom is unparalleled in its flexibility and versatility, permitting experimentation and encouraging innovations. The strength of Handloom lies in the introducing innovative designs, which cannot be replicated by the Power loom sector. Thus, Handloom forms a part of the heritage of India and exemplifies the richness and diversity of our country and the artistry of the weavers.The Office of the Development Commissioner for Handlooms has been implementing, since its inception in the year 1976, various schemes for the promotion and development of the handloom sector and providing assistance to the handloom weavers in a variety of ways. Some of the major programmes relate to: †¢Modernisation and Up gradation of Technology †¢Input Support †¢Marketing Support †¢Publicity †¢Infrastructural Support †¢Welfare Measures †¢Composite Growth Oriented Package †¢Development of Exportable Products †¢Resea rch ; DevelopmentThe various schemes implemented by the Office of Development Commissioner for Handlooms address the needs of weavers who constitute the disadvantaged social strata and occupational groups, which are at the bottom of the economic hierarchy. Concerted efforts are being made through the schemes and programmes to enhance production, productivity, and efficiency of the handloom sector and enhance the income and socio-economic status of the weavers by upgrading their skills and providing infrastructural support and essential inputs.

Base and Superstructure Definition of Marxs Terms

Base and Superstructure Definition of Marxs Terms Base and superstructure are two linked theoretical concepts developed by Karl Marx, one of the founders of sociology. Simply put, base refers to the forces and relations of production- to all the people, relationships between them, the roles that they play, and the materials and resources involved in producing the things needed by society. Thomas Lohnes / Getty Images Superstructure Superstructure, quite simply and expansively, refers to all other aspects of society. It includes culture, ideology (world views, ideas, values, and beliefs), norms and expectations, identities that people inhabit, social institutions (education, religion, media, family, among others), the political structure, and the state (the political apparatus that governs society). Marx argued that the superstructure grows out of the base, and reflects the interests of the ruling class that controls it. As such, the superstructure justifies how the base operates, and in doing so, justifies the power of the ruling class. From a sociological standpoint, it’s important to recognize that neither the base nor the superstructure is naturally occurring, nor are they static. They are both social creations (created by people in a society), and both are the accumulation of social processes and interactions between people that are constantly playing out, shifting, and evolving. Extended Definition Marx theorized that the superstructure effectively grows out of the base and that it reflects the interests of the ruling class that controls the base (called the â€Å"bourgeoisie† in Marx’s time). In The German Ideology, written with Friedrich Engels, Marx offered a critique of Hegel’s theory of how society operates, which was based on principles of Idealism. Hegel asserted that ideology determines social lifethat the reality of the world around us is determined by our mind, by our thoughts. Historical Shifts to a Capitalist Mode of Production Considering historical shifts in relations of production, most importantly, the shift from feudalist to capitalist production, Marx was not content with Hegel’s theory. He believed that the shift to a capitalist mode of production had sweeping implications for the social structure, culture, institutions, and ideology of society- that it reconfigured the superstructure in drastic ways. He posed instead a â€Å"materialist† way of understanding history (â€Å"historical materialism†), which is the idea that the material conditions of our existence, what we produce in order to live and how we go about doing so, determines all else in society. Building on this idea, Marx posed a new way of thinking about the relationship between thought and lived reality with his theory of the relationship between base and superstructure. Importantly, Marx argued that this is not a neutral relationship. There is a lot at stake in the way the superstructure emerges out of the base, because as the place where norms, values, beliefs, and ideology reside, the superstructure serves to legitimate the base. The superstructure creates the conditions in which the relations of production seem right, just, or even natural, though, in reality, they may be deeply unjust, and designed to benefit only the minority ruling class, rather than the majority working class. Marx argued that religious ideology that urged people to obey authority and work hard for salvation in the afterlife was a way in which superstructure justifies the base because it generates an acceptance of one’s conditions as they are. Following Marx, Antonio Gramsci elaborated on the role of education in training people to obediently serve in their designated roles in the division of labor, depending upon into which class they were born. Marx and Gramsci also wrote about the role of the state- the political apparatus- in protecting the interests of the ruling class. In recent history, state bailouts of collapsing private banks is an example of this. Early Writing In his early writing, Marx was very committed to the principles of historical materialism, and the related one-way causal relationship between base and superstructure. However, as his theory evolved and grew more complex over time, Marx reframed the relationship between base and superstructure as dialectical, meaning that each influences what happens in the other. Thus, if something changes in the base, it causes changes in the superstructure, and vice versa. Marx believed in the possibility of a revolution among the working class because he thought that once workers realized the extent to which they were exploited and harmed for the benefit of the ruling class, then they would decide to change things, and a significant change in the base, in terms of how goods are produced, by whom, and on what terms, would follow.

Homeless people essays

Homeless people essays When was the last time you saw a homeless man or woman in the street? Did you ever wonder what events had to have happened to make that person want to or have to live in the streets with no place to go to? There are many things that could have happened to them which might have contributed to their problem. The reasons are different for each and every person. Some of the more major issues that contribute to this are lack of affordable housing, declining welfare assistance, and mental illness. Homeless and the working poor are not able to get enough money to afford a house. The National Coalition for the Homeless clearly states, A lack of affordable housing and the limited scale of housing assistance programs have contributed to the current housing crisis and to homelessness (Why Are People Homeless). There is not much done these days to help with affordable housing for everyone. The homeless problem will continue to increase if nothing is done. Supply of low-income housing has declined precipitously making it harder for those with low wages to acquire a house (Wright). The high expense of an average house is more than someone working on minimum can afford and still have enough for other needs. Any accident or emergency could prevent them from making a payment or getting what they need. James Wright reports, in his article homelessness, [Adult education programs, emergency fund and transitional housing programs] have made the lives of many homeless people more tolerable, but they do not address low-income housing crisis. Welfare and soup kitchens cannot help the nations homeless population in the long run. We need a good solution that will help prevent and give a long-term solution for homelessness. Affordable homes would make a large difference in the current status of homelessness in this country. Affordable housing is a major problem that affects numero ...

Brand and Reputation Management in Tesco Plc in the Light of the Essay

Brand and Reputation Management in Tesco Plc in the Light of the Horsemeat Scandal - Essay Example This essay would reflect the different reputational and brand management initiatives that were taken by Tesco Plc while matching the same to the empirical understandings to reflect on the efficacy of the same in the meeting of end objectives. Tesco operates as a leading grocery retailer in the United Kingdom. The company was formed during the year 1919 by Jack Cohen through the creation of a large number of market stalls. Currently, the company operates based on a team of 500,000 people based on 12 global markets to generate the right quality of services to the customers. On a weekly basis, the team of 500,000 people based in 12 different nations contributes to addressing the needs of 75 million retail customers. Tesco as a global retail store focuses on to understand the needs of the customers and thereby to act in a responsible fashion to meet the need of the different communities. As a company, the management of Tesco focuses on promoting operations through effective teamwork such that it contributes to sharing knowledge and experience with each other. Working based on a team also contributes in generating a sense of trust and mutual respect for each other to help in the meeting of the organizational goals in a collective fashion. The company management of Tesco continually focuses on to invest in the development of different types of retail formats and also to incorporate needed technology to enhance the quality of services offered. The corporate or a company brand is signified as a constituent of the different products and services marketed by the company to its customers.

GDP as a measure of welfare Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GDP as a measure of welfare - Research Paper Example This measures happiness directly by interviewing people about how they feel about their health, wealth, and education and then attaching weights to the respective responses.One good thing about this measure is that it measures the well-being by incorporating material and spiritual development side by side as explained by sustainable development, cultural values, conservation, and good governance. Country  SWL IndexKuwait  240Uruguay  176South Sudan  120*Burkina Faso  156.67Zimbabwe  160Hungary  190Note: South Sudan SWL Index of 120 is for the greater Sudan before it seceded.(b)  Kuwait versus UruguayWhere it compares poorly against Uruguay: Adult Literacy and Life Expectancy at Birth.Here it fares better against Uruguay: Real GDP per capita and Internet user population percentage.(c)  GDP tends to determine most of the variables. The plot below is a display of the trend of the percentage each value contributes over time or ordered categories. GDP is not a good measu re because it does not take into account the specific distribution of the incomes to the hands of individuals. They could only be going to few hands hence it does not measure the general welfare of the people.One good thing about this measure is that it measures the well-being by incorporating material and spiritual development side by side as explained by sustainable development, cultural values, conservation, and good governance. Country  SWL IndexKuwait  240Uruguay  176South Sudan  120*Uruguay  176South Sudan  120*

Interview Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Interview - Article Example She said completing a project like educating others about engineering is a source of outreach and it helps to engage the community about issues or problems in engineering. Maya does say that it is very complicated to work within a school setting but that the outcomes are very rewarding. Maya will fix an engineering problem by using educational strategies. Additionally, in educational research, experimentation is a way to gain insight into methods of instruction. Even though teaching is context-specific, results can provide a starting point for further research. Working on research not only helps to solve existing problems, but it also is challenging. For Maya, educational research primarily focuses on experimentation to gain awareness on a specific topic. Although teaching an engineering class encompasses working with specifics, research is often a preliminary stage for further study. She will go on to build new methods in research as she learns by dealing with students. She recognizes that completing research is necessary in order to solve a specific problem and may often receive attention from a large audience and additionally may often require urgent results depending on the

Is Social Networking an Effective Marketing Tool Essay Example for Free

Is Social Networking an Effective Marketing Tool Essay Marketing Strategies Many businesses have started to incorporate market strategies as a way of increasing profitability. Small business can create market strategies to target their market more effectively and have a competitive edge over competition. Lyndon Simkin, (2000) stated â€Å"If the â€Å"right† opportunities are pursued, customers are properly probed, the â€Å"right† customers targeted with a marketing proposition designed to give a business an edge over its rivals, it is highly likely that customers will be satisfied, market share will rise in core target markets and profitability will accordingly support a viable future. † Having a strategy in place will allow you to set objectives such as increasing your share of the market that your business currently is in. Market strategies for small businesses are to develop the growth of the company. Analysing you target market and introducing a way in which you can target this market. The following are how marketing strategy allows business to set objectives Current product/current market Market penetration is a strategy of increasing your share of existing markets. You might achieve this by raising customers awareness of your products and services or finding new customers. Current product/new market Market development is a strategy of finding and entering new markets with your current product or service range. The new market could be a new region, a new country or a new segment of the market. New product/current market Product development is a strategy for enhancing benefits you deliver to customers by improving your existing products and services or developing new ones. New product/new market Diversification is a strategy that usually carries high costs and high risks. It often requires firms to adopt new ways of doing business and so has consequences far beyond simply offering new products/services in a new market. It is therefore usually a strategy to be adopted when other options are not feasible. http://www.is4profit.com/business-advice/sales-marketing/marketing-strategy.html Marketing Tools Online There are many marketing tools available for businesses to use and utilising the best one to fully create brand awareness for your product is vital. Geoffrey J. Simmons, (2007) realises â€Å"Companies are finding that they are having to redefine their marketing and branding strategies due to the unique characteristics of the internet and its capacity to change old rules.†. Due to the growth of users using internet, marketing tools have been developed so that businesses can market their products online. Marketing online has been as an important way for business to create brand awareness and target customers effectively. Online advertisement is now seen as the most effective way of marketing therefore many different ways have been introduced to advertise on the internet. Amalesh Sharma, (2011) stated â€Å"The development of data intensive instruments, transformation of societal and relationship management, optimization of Search engine marketing, exclusive networking and other online resources are eliminating the traditional form of marketing.† Search Engine Optimization Marketing Search engines are seen as essential way of companies to be seen by potential customers. Kristin Kennedy, Bonnie Brayton Kennedy, (2008) stated â€Å"The key to being found by the right people at the right time lies with search engines. There are essentially two ways a customer will find a business site via a search engine, through an organic or a pay-per-click (PPC) listing.† Using a search engine you are allowing yourself to be found new customers but search engines don’t offer differentiation so many of your competitors can be listed alongside you therefore not giving your business the competitive edge. Search engine optimization can be a less effective way for small business as it is marketed alongside big companies which was found out by Kristin Kennedy, Bonnie Brayton Kennedy, (2008) they stated a â€Å"small manufacturer of gold jewelry will probably not get top billing over Tiffanys on the organic list, unless they spend a significant amount of time and money o n developing their web site design and advertising.† E-mail Marketing Small businesses have been using email marketing as a way of marketing their products and reaching out to the target market. Anita Jackson, Ray DeCormier,stated â€Å"E-mail offers a promising tool to enhance brand loyalty as it helps marketers keep in touch with their customers on a regular basis at low cost.† Small businesses are using this method to create and reach out to their target market. Using this mthod to market their business and product to create more brand awareness. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0263-4503volume=17issue=3articleid=854456show=html http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1061-0421volume=13issue=7articleid=857868show=html http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1751-5637volume=12issue=4articleid=1937676show=html Do you feel other ways of online marketing would benefit your company more? http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0263-4503volume=18issue=3articleid=854495show=html ) Lyndon Simkin, (2000) (http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0263-4503volume=25issue=6articleid=1628110show=html#idb72) Geoffrey J. Simmons, (2007) .†( http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=1751-5637volume=12issue=4articleid=1937676show=html ). Amalesh Sharma, (2011) Kristin Kennedy, Bonnie Brayton Kennedy, (2008) (http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0140-9174volume=31issue=10articleid=1746719show=html)

? TERROR-ISM ? :: essays research papers

A difference of ideas, opinions is opposition. When attempted to thwart the opposite opinion, and disappointed by existing set up opposition seeks public support as no objective of fight back is achieved without mass support. Normally In order to achieve public support two different types of methods are adopted. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This method generally a fight for the society’s causes that is unrecognized by existing set up. In order to get the causes recognized peaceful disobedience is observed. Best example, Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela took a step, which was positive revolution, though, uncomfortable for then British regime. Most of their life made jails as their homes self-persecution and sacrifice but momentum of society support was immense as cause was for major percentage of society that created one of the highest revolutions. This method is weapon of word and disobedience though is slow yet very effective to interact with masses, inspires masses to support revolt. I call positive revolution. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other hand negative methods are used to terrorize society in order to gain support are for causes which opposition feels is cause that society should accept and follow. This type of revolt comes into existence when both category accepter and non-accepters comprise the society. Rather support from limited members, which are to be forced on society to follow. Certain sections they choose by inspiring them to join by their teaching and other incentives, this section is normally poor and uneducated class. Terrorizing methods are used to make non-accepters to agree if not die or leave. In this case major percentage of non-accepters leave the society in fear of terror and opposition gets full support from remaining members of society. Sacrificing and persecuting others achieve this objective. To my opinion this is TERROR-ISM and negative revolution. Who create to achieve objective and gather mass support by terror are terrorists. Intensity of terrorisms and their activities succeed in the countries, which have high rate of poverty, high percentage of illiteracy and unemployment. Poor needs food and clothing, illiterate and unemployed needs source of income and terrorisms need support from deprived mass and people for sourcing income (through illegal sources as legal source is not open for them) to spread campaign. For an unemployed poor legal or illegal employment is no issue his/her issue is food and life. These illegal activities give birth to criminal objects and corruption in the countries. Nearly 60% or more poor live in human world and Asia dominates in this most.

Girl Number 20

The 19th century witnessed the beginning of queen Victoria’s reign, the industrial revolution, realism as literary movement and realistic novels among other. When we refer to realistic novels, we are not talking about novels being a â€Å"reality† but instead we refer to the creation of fictional stories and characters that are very much like real life people and situations. In other words, authors wrote their novels to critize social unfairness, poverty, struggles, health issues and so forth, as a way to reflect the â€Å"truth† just as it was, and it all was possible because their stories and characters were believable.Charles Dickens was one of the most influential writers of the time, his novel â€Å"Hard Times†, as the rest of his works, is vivid examples of what realistic novels would be like. He portrays his judgement towards society in a very comprehensible and even entertaining way, providing the reader an idea of the time and era he was living in . Furthermore, he lets readers identify with the situation and characters of the story, reflecting through the narrator his social perspectives of the time.Regarding the novel Hard Times, there are several issues and characters we could point out, such as progress, social limitations, poverty, development, educational patterns of the time, Mr. Bounderby, Mr. Gradgrind, Louisa, Tom, Cecilia Jupe (Sissy), Mr. Harthouse, Stephen Blackpool among others. However, the one we identified the most with, was â€Å"Girl Number 20† or Cecilia Jupe (Sissy). Through out the whole story, Dickens shows her as an innocent, unprotected an abandoned child, but at the same time she becomes one of the most important and influential characters of the story.In addition, the author redefines, in a way, the role women had at the time, by giving Sissy the power to be herself and the power to do whatever she thought was right. In order to present Cecilia Jupe as the heroine of the story, we will have t o consider her background, being it, the cornerstone of the principles she will use for the rest of her life. Having mentioned this, we will begin by referring to the way Dickens gave form to Sissy’s childhood. A motherless child, who was raised by her loving and strange father. Even though her ather was a sad and a depressed man, Sissy discovered how to please him by being more than a daughter, a caring friend; the author showed it in this quote: And you were his comfort through everything? ’She nodded, with the tears rolling down her face. ‘I hope so, and father said I was. It was because he grew so scared and trembling, and because he felt himself to be a poor, weak, ignorant, helpless man (those used to be his words), that he wanted me so much to know a great deal and be different from him. I used to read to him to cheer his courage, and he was very fond of that. p. 51) This is one of the reasons for us to give Sissy the heroical part in the story, though she made simple gestures, she made her father happy no matter what situation he was going through. It is easy to understand Sissy’s fairytale life, due to all the elements that surrounded her during her childhood: Her mother a dancer, her father a clown, her readings, most of them fantastic, but nourishing at the same time for both of them, here is one of the moments where she expressed her testimony: â€Å"Your mother? ’ ‘Father says she was quite a scholar. She died when I was born.She was;’ Sissy made the terrible communication nervously; ‘she was a dancer†¦ †Father’s a;’ Sissy whispered the awful word; ‘a clown. ’ ‘To make the people laugh? ’ said Louisa, with a nod of intelligence. ‘Yes. But they wouldn’t laugh sometimes, and then father cried†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  I used to read to him to cheer his courage, and he was very fond of that. They were wrong books- I am never to speak of th em here- but we didn’t know there was any harm in them. ’ ‘And he liked them? ’ said Louisa, with her searching gaze on Sissy all this time. ‘O very much! They kept him, many times, from what did him real harm.And often and often of a night, he used to forget all his troubles in wondering whether the Sultan would let the lady go on with the story, or would have her head cut off before it was finished. † (Pp. 50-51) Nevertheless, all the elements shown above were used by Dickens as tools in order for us to understand even more Sissy’s personality and character, highlighting her creativity and optimism when facing difficult times. Dickens shows us that her creative, optimistic and attentive attitude was not only present when she was around her father but also through out the rest of her life, even so, most people did not see it as a rilliant attitude; instead they labeled her as an uneducated, an abstract and an unintelligent person. Howev er, the author uses this attitude to demonstrate that life is not only made out of facts but also of reality, logic and common sense. This situation is well illustrated in the following quote: ‘Girl number twenty,’ said the gentleman, smiling in the calm strength of knowledge. Sissy blushed, and stood up. ‘So you would carpet your room- or your husband’s room, if you were a grown woman, and had a husband- with representations of flowers, would you,’ said the gentleman. Why would you? ’ ‘If you please, sir, I am very fond of flowers,’ returned the girl. ‘And is that why you would put tables and chairs upon them, and have people walking over them with heavy boots? ’ ‘It wouldn’t hurt them, sir. They wouldn’t crush and wither if you please, sir.They would be the pictures of what was very pretty and pleasant, and I would fancy-’ ‘Ay, ay, ay! But you mustn’t fancy,’ cried the gentleman, quite elated by coming so happily to his point. ‘That’s it! You are never to fancy. ’ ‘You are not, Cecilia Jupe,’ Thomas Gradgrind solemnly repeated, ‘to do anything of that kind. ‘Fact, fact, fact! ’ said the gentleman. And ‘Fact, fact, fact! ’ repeated Thomas Gradgrind. ‘You are to be in all things regulated and governed,’ said the gentleman, ‘by fact. † (p. 10) Through this lines Dickens was trying to show how reasonable Sissy was in comparison to other characters, she knew that flowers were just an image that people could delight in and not just a simple definition. In addition, there is another important aspect of Sissy’s life which we find interesting to note: her social awareness. A good example to prove this is the following quote: â€Å"†¦ But today, for instance, Mr M’Choakumchild was explaining to us about Natural Prosperity. ’ ‘National, I think it must have been,’ observed Louisa. ‘Yes, it was. – But isn’t it the same? ’ she timidly asked. ‘You had better say, National, as he said so,’ returned Louisa, with her dry reserve. ‘National Prosperity. And he said, Now, this schoolroom is a Nation. And in this nation, there are fifty millions of money. Isn’t this a prosperous nation? Girl number twenty, isn’t this a prosperous nation, and a’n’t you in a thriving state? ’ ‘What did you say? ’ asked Louisa. ‘Miss Louisa, I said I didn’t know.I thought I couldn’t know whether it was a prosperous nation or not, and whether I was in a thriving state or not, unless I knew who had got the money, and whether any of it was mine. But that had nothing to do with it. It was not in the figures at all,’ said Sissy, wiping her eyes†¦. † (p. 48) Through this quote, Dickens gave us a fantastic explanat ion of his thoughts on the economy of the time through Sissy’s opinion; in other words, he was emphasizing his ideal economical pattern for society: everyone having an equal amount of richness in order to be a prosperous nation.One of the remarkable things about Sissy is that throughout the whole story, Dickens presents her as a unique girl with many exceptional traits, for instance, her loyalty and perseverance towards her father’s return, her compassion and attentive spirit towards the Gradgrind family, her respect for others’ opinions and the one thing that make her the heroine of the story: her outstanding personality. Nevertheless, there are several times when the author mentions that just like any human being, Sissy doubted herself and at the same time wished to be someone else (Louisa).Dickens expressed it clearly on this extract: ‘It would be a fine thing to be you, Miss Louisa! ’ she said, one night, when Louisa had endeavored to make her p erplexities for next day something clearer to her. ‘Do you think so? ’ ‘I should know so much, Miss Louisa. All that is difficult to me now, would be so easy then’†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ‘Have I always hated you so much? ’ ‘I hope not, for I have always loved you, and have always wished that you should know it. But you changed to me a little, shortly before you left home.Not that I wondered at it. You knew so much, and I knew so little, and it was so natural in many ways, going as you were among other friends, that I had nothing to complain of, and was not at all hurt. † (Pp. 48, 182-183) At the same time, letting aside her desires to be like someone else, Cecilia did not let such a thing bring her down, instead she stood up and defended her territory and her â€Å"own†, becoming courageous enough to confront and to send away Louisa’s suitor who stood against everything that was right.The following quote reflects it: ‘Mr Harthouse,’ returned Sissy, with a blending of gentleness and steadiness that quite defeated him, and with a simple confidence in his being bound to do what she required, that held him at a singular disadvantage, ‘the only reparation that remains with you, is to leave here immediately and finally. I am quite sure that you can mitigate in no other way the wrong and harm you have done.I am quite sure that it is the only compensation you have left it in your power to make. I do not say that it is much, or that it is enough; but it is something, and it is necessary. Therefore, though without any other authority than I have given you, and even without the knowledge of any other person than yourself and myself, I ask you to depart from this place tonight, under an obligation never to return to it. † (Pp. 188-189).Nonetheless, this was not the only an unselfish and brave act she performed; the previous action triggered the beginning of Sissy Jupe as the care-taker and th e protector of the Gradgrind family that even the father came to a place where he recognized Cecilia’s help, not only towards him but also towards his wife and son; he finally accepted the fact that without Sissy’s presence they would have succumbed. In the following quote Dickens proves that at last â€Å"Girl Number 20†, the least expected to have the solution to all of the Gradgrind’s problems, became the moral and the grand victor of the story after all. Sissy has effected it, father. ’ He raised his eyes to where she stood, like a good fairy in his house, and said in a tone of softened gratitude and grateful kindness, ‘It is always you, my child! † (p. 222) Lastly, as the story ends our heroine is all we expected her to be, starting by being a great and faithful daughter, a help in time of need for those who surrounded her, and last but not least a good wife, a happy mother and a wonderful friend to her â€Å"humbler fellow-creatu res†.But, happy Sissy’s happy children loving her; all children loving her; she, grown learned in childish lore; thinking no innocent and pretty fancy ever to be despised; trying hard to know her humbler fellow-creatures, and to beautify their lives of machinery and reality with those imaginative graces and delights, without which the heart of infancy will wither up, the sturdiest physical manhood will be morally stark death, and the plainest national prosperity figures can show, will be the Writing on the Wall,- she holding this course as part of no fantastic vow, or bond, or brotherhood, or sisterhood, or pledge, or covenant, or fancy dress, or fancy fair; but simply as a duty to be done,- did Louisa see these things of herself? † (p. 238) As a conclusion, we dare to say that Dickens was the realist novelist far excellence; throughout the whole novel he expressed his criticism in a very audible voice, illustrating his thoughts and opinions on several social conc erns of his time. Additionally, he created a story and characters that were believable due to their resemblance with the real world; he made the reader understand that he was not making the situations up, but he was showing real common life.Nevertheless, it seems as if Dickens broke the pattern with Cecilia Jupe, when giving her the heroic part of the story and at the same time made her as an example of genuineness, boldness and bravery, even when her humble background, her eccentric education and all those things made her the contrary of what a Victorian Lady should be like. All situations she went through were against the idea of her being the heroine of the story, but ironically, Dickens chose her as if taking her from another world and inserting her into Victorian times, in order to make his point clear, which was: the role of the woman in a society like his. References: Dickens, C. (1854). Hard Times. London, England: Editorial Matter.